Vascular and Immunobiology of the Circulatory Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Gradient
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Sphingosine-1-phosphate in the circulatory system: Cause and therapeutic target for vascular dysfunction?
Small arteries play an important role for blood pressure regulation and blood flow distribution to different organs. The diameter of these vessels is under the control of a number of factors such as blood pressure, flow, conducted signals from neighboring vessel segments, diverse metabolites produced from surrounding tissues, transmitters liberated from nerve endings, substances released from t...
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Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a platelet-derived lipid mediator that activates the endothelial isoform of nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in endothelial cells. However, the role of S1P in endothelium-dependent vasodilation and the signaling pathways elicited by S1P in intact vessels are largely unknown. We found that S1P induces dose-dependent transient relaxation of isolated pressurized mesent...
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Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a phosphorylated product of sphingosine, the core structure of the class of lipids termed sphingolipids. S1P is a naturally occurring lipid metabolite, and usually is present at a concentration of a few 100 nanomolar in human sera. S1P has been found to exert a diverse set of physiological and pathophysiological responses in mammalian tissues through the activat...
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Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), an abundant lipid mediator in plasma, regulates vascular and immune cells by activating S1P receptors. In this report, we investigated the mechanisms by which high plasma S1P levels are maintained in mice. We found that plasma S1P turns over rapidly with a half-life of approximately 15 minutes, suggesting the existence of a high-capacity biosynthetic source(s). Tr...
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There is growing evidence that sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) plays an important role in regulating the development, morphology, and function of the cardiovascular system. There is little data, however, regarding the relative contribution of endogenous S1P and its cognate receptors (referred to as S1P(1-5)) to cardiovascular homeostasis. We used S1P(2) receptor knockout mice (S1P(2)(-/-)) to eva...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Annual Review of Physiology
سال: 2017
ISSN: 0066-4278,1545-1585
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-021014-071635